Country Guide: Portugal
Discovering Portugal: Country Travel Guide
Basic Country Information
Population Estimate (2024): Approximately 10.3 million.
Official Language: Portuguese
Currency: Euro (EUR)
Exchange Rate (as of October 2023): 1 USD = 0.94 EUR (Please check current rates before traveling)
Capital City: Lisbon
Major Airports:
Lisbon Portela Airport (LIS)
Francisco Sá Carneiro Airport (OPO) in Porto
Faro Airport (FAO)
Madeira Airport (FNC)
Ponta Delgada Airport (PDL) in the Azores
History and Culture
Portugal boasts a rich history and vibrant culture that are essential for travelers to appreciate. Known for its Age of Discoveries in the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal was a leading maritime nation, establishing trade routes and colonies across Africa, Asia, and South America. This historical legacy is evident in its architecture, with influences from various cultures, including Moorish, Roman, and Gothic. Portuguese culture is also characterized by its traditional music, such as Fado, which expresses the nation’s spirit of longing and nostalgia. The country's cuisine, featuring seafood, pastries like pastéis de nata, and hearty stews, reflects regional diversity and a deep connection to the sea. Understanding these aspects will greatly enrich your travel experience in Portugal.
Key Phrases in Portuguese
Olá - Hello
Bem-vindo – Welcome
Família – Family
Amor – Love
Muito bem – Well done
Obrigado/Obrigada – Thank you (masculine/feminine)
Desculpe – Sorry
Onde fica...? – Where is...?
Quanto custa? – How much does it cost?
Ajuda – Help
Best Time of Year to Travel
The best time to visit Portugal is in the spring, from April to June, and in early fall, from September to October. The weather is usually nice and comfortable during these months, perfect for checking out cities and enjoying outdoor fun. Plus, if you go during these shoulder seasons, you’ll find fewer crowds and better prices for places to stay, all while soaking up the country's amazing culture, history, and beautiful scenery.
Required Vaccinations
Travelers are recommended to have routine vaccinations up to date. Specific vaccines that may be suggested include hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and tetanus-diphtheria. Always consult with a travel health specialist prior to your trip.
Health and Safety Considerations
Travel insurance is strongly advised.
Be aware of sun exposure; Portugal experiences high levels of UV radiation, especially during the summer months. It is advisable to wear sunscreen with a high SPF, protective clothing, and sunglasses.
When participating in outdoor activities, be mindful of the terrain and weather conditions. Portugal has diverse landscapes, and sudden changes in weather can affect hiking and coastal activities.
If traveling to rural areas, be aware of the potential presence of ticks and other insects. Use insect repellent and wear long sleeves and pants to reduce the risk of insect-borne diseases.
Landmarks and Attractions
Belém Tower - A UNESCO World Heritage site in Lisbon, this iconic fortress dates back to the 16th century and offers stunning views of the Tagus River.
Jerónimos Monastery - Located in Lisbon, this magnificent monastery showcases Manueline architecture and is also a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Pena Palace - Situated in Sintra, this colorful 19th-century palace combines Romanticism with stunning views from its hilltop vantage point.
Douro Valley - Renowned for its terraced vineyards and scenic beauty, this region is perfect for wine tasting and experiencing Portugal's rich winemaking heritage.
Alhambra of Portugal - Known as the Castle of Óbidos, this medieval fortress town is surrounded by walls and offers a charming glimpse into Portugal's past.
Ribeira - The historic waterfront district of Porto, known for its colorful buildings and vibrant atmosphere, is perfect for strolling and enjoying local cuisine.
Algarve Beaches - Famous for its stunning coastline, the Algarve region offers beautiful beaches, dramatic cliffs, and numerous water activities.
Lisbon's Alfama District - This ancient neighborhood is characterized by narrow streets, traditional Fado music venues, and stunning views from the Miradouro de Santa Luzia.
Cascais - A picturesque coastal town near Lisbon known for its beaches, charming streets, and lovely marina, offering a great escape from city life.
Batalha Monastery - Another UNESCO World Heritage site, this Gothic masterpiece was built to commemorate the 1385 Battle of Aljubarrota and is an architectural wonder.Crossing is a popular trek that showcases dramatic landscapes, including emerald lakes, volcanic terrain, and colorful minerals. Adventure seekers will find a variety of outdoor activities such as hiking, skiing, and mountain biking in this breathtaking national park.
The Azores - an archipelago in the North Atlantic, consists of nine volcanic islands known for lush landscapes and diverse ecosystems, organized into three groups: Eastern (São Miguel, Santa Maria), Central (Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Pico, Faial), and Western (Flores, Corvo).
Exploring these landmarks and attractions will provide an unforgettable experience of Portugal’s diverse natural beauty and rich cultural heritage.
Common Local Foods and Drinks to Try
Bacalhau à Brás - A traditional Portuguese dish made with salted cod, onions, and finely shredded potatoes, bound together with eggs.
Pastéis de Nata - This iconic Portuguese custard tart features a flaky pastry shell filled with creamy custard, often sprinkled with cinnamon.
Francesinha - Originating from Porto, this decadent sandwich is filled with cured meats and topped with a rich tomato and beer sauce, often served with fries.
Caldo Verde - A comforting soup made from potatoes, kale, and chorizo, perfect for warming up chilly evenings.
Bifana - A popular pork sandwich marinated in a savory marinade, typically served in a crusty roll, often enjoyed as a snack.
Prego no Pão - A simple yet flavorful sandwich made with marinated steak served in bread, often garnished with garlic.
Sardinhas Assadas - Grilled sardines, especially popular during summer festivals, are typically seasoned with salt and served with bread.
Ameijoas à Bulhão Pato - Clams cooked in a garlic and cilantro sauce, a delightful accompaniment to a seafood meal.
Vinho Verde - A young, lightly effervescent wine that is refreshing and pairs well with various dishes, particularly seafood.
Ginjinha - A cherry liqueur served in a shot glass, often enjoyed with a piece of cherry or a small chocolate cup for an authentic experience.
Port - a tasty fortified wine from Portugal and a great pick for travelers looking for a sweet drink that goes perfectly with desserts and cheese.
Souvenirs to Consider Bringing Back
Port Wine – A rich, fortified wine from the Douro Valley, perfect for wine enthusiasts.
Ceramic Azulejos – Traditional hand-painted tiles that showcase Portuguese artistry and vibrant colors.
Bacalhau – Dried and salted cod, a staple in Portuguese cuisine, that can be a unique culinary gift.
Ginjinha – A cherry liqueur from Lisbon, often served in a chocolate cup, ideal for those who enjoy spirits.
Handmade Cork Products – Coasters are a great option.
Portuguese Olive Oil - High-quality olive oils, which are an essential ingredient in many Portuguese dishes.
Local Spices - Such as piri-piri sauce or various spices used in Portuguese cooking for the home chef.
Traditional Pasteis de Nata - This iconic custard tart is best enjoyed freshly made, but you can find recipes and kits to replicate it at home.
Planning Your Trip
Portugal also presents a captivating blend of picturesque landscapes, vibrant culture, and diverse experiences that cater to all types of travelers. From the stunning cliffs of the Algarve to the historic streets of Lisbon and Porto, Portugal promises a unique adventure at every turn. As you plan your getaway, consider immersing yourself in the country's rich traditions, delicious cuisine, and warm hospitality. Embrace the charm of Portugal as your next travel destination.
Not sure where to start? Subscribe and get access to our detailed travel itinerary where we walk you through an itinerary and include recommendations on lodging, food+drink, hiking, and the must-see attractions, along with a few things you might want to skip. With some handy tips and personal notes, it’ll help you get the best out of your journey in this amazing country.